Adjusting the draw weight on a compound bow is a crucial step in customizing it to your specific strength and shooting needs. Whether you’re a beginner just starting out or an experienced archer seeking refined performance, getting the draw weight right is essential for accuracy, comfort, and overall shooting experience. By adjusting the draw weight to a suitable level, you can achieve optimal arrow speed, reduce arm fatigue, and improve your overall shooting mechanics.
Before adjusting the draw weight, it’s important to consult the bow’s manufacturer’s guidelines. Different bows have different maximum and minimum draw weight ranges, and exceeding these limits can damage the bow or cause injury. The ideal draw weight for you will depend on factors such as your draw length, body size, and shooting style. If you’re unsure about the appropriate draw weight, it’s advisable to consult with a qualified archery instructor or visit an archery shop for professional guidance.
Once you have determined the appropriate draw weight, you can proceed with the adjustment process. Most compound bows feature limb bolts or cam adjustments that allow you to increase or decrease the draw weight. These adjustments typically involve turning the bolts clockwise to increase the weight and counterclockwise to decrease it. While making the adjustments, it’s important to pay attention to the feel of the draw cycle. The bow should feel comfortable to draw, without causing excessive strain or fatigue. Once you have achieved the desired draw weight, ensure that the bow is set up correctly, including the peep sight, arrow rest, and release. These components should work harmoniously to provide a smooth and accurate shooting experience.
Assessing the Current Draw Weight
Assessing the current draw weight of your compound bow is crucial before attempting any adjustments. This parameter directly impacts the force required to draw the bow and affects factors such as accuracy, consistency, and comfort during shooting.
To accurately determine your current draw weight, it’s recommended to follow a systematic approach.
- Use a bow scale: This is the most precise method to measure draw weight. Attach the scale to the bowstring and gradually pull the bow until it reaches full draw. The scale will display the draw weight in pounds.
- Shooting measurements: If you don’t have a bow scale, you can estimate the draw weight by shooting the bow at different distances and analyzing the arrow’s trajectory. Heavier arrows with a lower trajectory indicate a higher draw weight.
- Physical assessment: If the previous methods are not feasible, you can make an educated guess based on your physical strength and ability to draw the bow comfortably. However, this method is less accurate than using a bow scale.
Once you have determined your current draw weight, you can move on to adjusting it based on your personal preferences and shooting requirements.
Determining the Desired Draw Weight
Before adjusting your draw weight, it’s crucial to determine the right weight for your physical capabilities and shooting style. Consider the following factors:
1. Physical Strength:
Your draw weight should be challenging but within your capabilities. Start with a weight you can comfortably draw and hold at your anchor point without straining.
2. Bow Type and Usage:
Different types of compound bows have recommended draw weight ranges. Consider your intended use, such as hunting or target shooting. Higher draw weights are preferred for hunting to achieve greater accuracy and penetration.
| Bow Type | Draw Weight Range (lbs) |
|---|---|
| Target Bows | 25-35 |
| Hunting Bows | 40-70 |
3. Shooting Accuracy:
Aim for a draw weight that allows you to shoot consistently and accurately. A too-heavy draw weight can cause fatigue and hinder your aim, while a too-light weight can result in underpowered shots.
4. Bow Tuning:
Adjusting your draw weight can affect other bow settings, such as the arrow rest and peep sight alignment. Be prepared to make necessary re-tuning after the adjustment.
Identifying the Adjustment Bolts
Identifying the adjustment bolts on a compound bow is crucial for adjusting the draw weight. These bolts are typically located on the limbs or riser of the bow, typically indicated by markings or engravings like “DW” (draw weight) or “LB” (pounds). They are usually allen head bolts, but they can vary depending on the bow model.
Limb Bolts
Limb bolts are the most common type of adjustment bolts on compound bows. They are located on the ends of the limbs, where they connect to the riser. Turning the limb bolts clockwise increases the draw weight, while turning them counterclockwise decreases the draw weight.
Riser Bolt
Some compound bows have a single adjustment bolt located on the riser, typically near the grip. This bolt adjusts the preload on the limbs, which affects the draw weight. Turning the riser bolt clockwise increases the preload and the draw weight, while turning it counterclockwise decreases the preload and the draw weight.
Eccentric System
Many compound bows utilize an eccentric system to adjust the draw weight. This system consists of a series of cam-shaped wheels that affect the draw length and draw weight. To adjust the draw weight using the eccentric system, you will need to consult the manufacturer’s instructions specific to your bow model.
| Bolt Type | Location | Adjustment |
|---|---|---|
| Limb Bolts | Limb ends | Clockwise = Increase, Counterclockwise = Decrease |
| Riser Bolt | Near grip | Clockwise = Increase, Counterclockwise = Decrease |
| Eccentric System | Varies | Consult manufacturer’s instructions |
Safety Precautions and Gear
Safety Precautions
Before handling a compound bow, always wear safety glasses and hearing protection. Ensure the bow is not pointing at anyone, even yourself, when not in use. Store the compound bow in a secure location, unloaded and with the arrow removed, to prevent accidental discharge.
Gear
To adjust the draw weight of a compound bow, you will need:
- Allen wrenches (typically 7/16″ and 3/16″)
- Bow press (optional, but recommended for safety)
- Bow scale
- Draw length gauge
Proper Arrow Selection and Tuning
Determine Optimal Draw Weight
The ideal draw weight for a compound bow varies based on factors such as strength, experience, and intended use. As a general guideline:
- Beginner: 30-40 pounds
- Intermediate: 40-60 pounds
- Advanced: 60+ pounds
Refer to the bow manufacturer’s specifications to determine the recommended draw weight range for your particular bow.
Adjust Modules and Limbs
Compound bows have interchangeable modules and limbs that allow for fine-tuning the draw weight. To increase the draw weight, remove the locking bolts and turn the limb boltsclockwise (tightening) in small increments. Conversely, to decrease the draw weight, turn the limb bolts counterclockwise (loosening).
| Draw Weight Increase/Decrease | Direction of Limbs Bolt Rotation |
|---|---|
| Increase | Clockwise |
| Decrease | Counterclockwise |
Measure and Adjust Draw Length
Your draw length is a critical factor in determining the bow’s accuracy and comfort. To measure your draw length, use a draw length gauge to mark the distance from the nocking point to the corner of your mouth. Adjust the modules accordingly to achieve your ideal draw length, as indicated in the bow manufacturer’s specifications.
Paper Tuning and Refinement
Once you have adjusted the draw weight and draw length, perform paper tuning to further refine the setup. This involves shooting arrows at a piece of paper at close range to observe the impact pattern. Based on the arrow placement, you can make minor adjustments to the rest or bow center shot to optimize accuracy.
Locating the Limbs and Cams
The limbs are the curved, springy components that store energy when the bow is drawn. The cams are elliptical-shaped components that rotate around the limbs and control the draw length and draw weight. To adjust the draw weight, you’ll need to locate both the limbs and the cams.
Limbs
The limbs are typically located at the ends of the bow. They may be parallel to the bowstring or angled slightly towards each other. The limb bolts, which secure the limbs to the riser, are usually located near the center of the limbs.
Cams
The cams are located on the back of the limbs. They have two circular tracks that the bowstring rides in. The upper track is the draw track, and the lower track is the let-off track. The let-off track is responsible for holding the bow at full draw.
Adjusting the Draw Weight
To adjust the draw weight, you’ll need to make adjustments to both the limbs and the cams. The following steps will guide you through the process:
- Locate the limb bolts. These bolts are usually located near the center of the limbs.
- Loosen the limb bolts. Use a hex key or Allen wrench to loosen the limb bolts about 1/4 turn.
- Adjust the limb bolts. Turn the limb bolts in or out to adjust the draw weight. Turning the bolts in will increase the draw weight, and turning them out will decrease the draw weight.
- Tighten the limb bolts. Once you’ve adjusted the draw weight to your desired setting, tighten the limb bolts to secure the limbs in place.
- Adjust the cam modules. The cam modules are located on the back of the limbs. They can be adjusted to change the draw length and let-off. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions for specific instructions on how to adjust the cam modules.
Note: It’s important to adjust the draw weight and cam settings gradually and to test the bow after each adjustment. This will help you find the optimal settings for your bow.
Adjusting the Limbs
Limb Bolts
The primary method of adjusting the draw weight is by adjusting the limb bolts. These bolts are located on the riser, where the limbs connect to the bow. By turning the limb bolts, you can increase or decrease the tension on the limbs, which affects the draw weight.
Limb Angle
The angle at which the limbs are attached to the riser can also affect the draw weight. Most compound bows allow for a small range of adjustment in the limb angle. By adjusting the angle, you can fine-tune the draw weight to your desired setting.
Limb Stop
Some compound bows have a limb stop, which limits how far the limbs can be drawn back. By adjusting the limb stop, you can set the draw length and maximum draw weight of the bow.
Draw Length
The draw length is the distance between the nock point on the arrow and the pivot point of the bow. Adjusting the draw length will affect the draw weight, as a longer draw length requires more force to draw the bow.
Draw Weight Scale
To accurately measure the draw weight of your bow, you will need a draw weight scale. This tool measures the force required to draw the bow to a specific draw length. By using a draw weight scale, you can ensure that your bow is set to the correct draw weight for your needs.
| Component | Function |
|---|---|
| Limb Bolts | Adjusts tension on the limbs to change draw weight |
| Limb Angle | Fine-tunes draw weight by adjusting limb attachment angle |
| Limb Stop | Sets maximum draw weight and draw length |
| Draw Length | Affects draw weight; longer draw length requires more force |
| Draw Weight Scale | Measures draw force to ensure accurate draw weight setting |
Tightening and Securing Bolts
Tightening the bolts on your compound bow is crucial for maintaining proper draw weight and preventing the bow from malfunctioning. Follow these steps to ensure your bolts are appropriately tightened and secured:
1. Locate the Bolts
Identify the bolts that need to be adjusted. They are typically located on the limbs, riser, and cam modules.
2. Use the Correct Tools
Use a high-quality allen wrench or socket set to tighten the bolts. Avoid using pliers or other tools that could damage the threads.
3. Apply Even Pressure
Tighten the bolts gradually and evenly. Over-tightening can damage the bow or the bolts.
4. Torque to Specification
Consult your bow’s manual for the recommended torque specifications for each bolt. Use a torque wrench to ensure the bolts are tightened to the correct amount.
5. Check for Alignment
After tightening the bolts, check that the limbs and cam modules are aligned properly. Make any necessary adjustments.
6. Locktite or Threadlocker (Optional)
To prevent the bolts from loosening over time, you can apply a small amount of Loctite or threadlocker.
7. Final Checks
Once the bolts are tightened and secured, perform the following checks:
– Draw the bow to check if the draw weight feels correct.
– Inspect the bolts for any signs of damage or loosening.
– Recheck the alignment of the limbs and cam modules.
– If any issues arise, consult your bow’s manual or seek professional assistance.
Fine-tuning Adjustments
Once you have your bow set to the correct draw weight for your strength and skill level, you can fine-tune it to improve your accuracy and consistency even further. Here’s a few ways to do that:
Limb Bolts
Limb bolts are the screws that hold the limbs in place on the riser. Tightening the limb bolts increases the draw weight, while loosening them decreases it. Adjust the limb bolts in small increments, no more than 1/4 turn at a time. Shoot a few arrows after each adjustment to see how it affects your arrow flight.
Eccentric System
The eccentric system is the heart of a compound bow. It uses a series of cams and levers to reduce the amount of force required to hold the bow at full draw. The eccentric system can also be adjusted to fine-tune the bow’s draw cycle and let-off. Adjusting the eccentric system requires a bow press, so it’s best left to a qualified bow technician.
Draw Length
Draw length is the distance from the string to the back of the arrow rest when the bow is at full draw. Adjusting the draw length changes the angle at which the string pulls on the limbs, which can affect the draw weight. To adjust the draw length, simply move the arrow rest forward or backward on the riser.
Arrow Weight
The weight of your arrows can also affect the draw weight of your bow. Heavier arrows require more force to draw and shoot. Conversely, lighter arrows require less force. Choosing the right arrow weight for your bow is important for accuracy and consistency.
String Tension
String tension is the amount of force that is applied to the bowstring. Increasing the string tension increases the draw weight, while decreasing the string tension decreases it.String tension can be adjusted by twisting or untwisting the string.Twisting the string increases the tension, while untwisting it decreases the tension.It’s important to note that adjusting the string tension can also affect the bow’s cam timing. So, it’s best to have a qualified bow technician make this adjustment.
Cable Guard
The cable guard helps to guide the cables as they move through the bow. The position of the cable guard can affect the bow’s draw cycle and let-off.Adjusting the cable guard requires a bow press, so it’s best left to a qualified bow technician.
D-Loop
The D-loop is a small loop of string that connects the bowstring to the release. The position of the D-loop can affect the bow’s draw length and let-off.Adjusting the D-loop is relatively easy and can be done without a bow press.
Grip
The grip is the part of the bow that you hold. The size and shape of the grip can affect the bow’s balance and pointability.Choosing the right grip for your hand is important for comfort and accuracy.
Here is a table summarizing the different ways to fine-tune the draw weight of a compound bow:
| Variable | Adjustment | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Limb bolts | Tighten: increase draw weight Loosen: decrease draw weight |
Adjusts the amount of force needed to draw the bow |
| Eccentric system | Increase cam rotation: increase draw weight Decrease cam rotation: decrease draw weight |
Changes the draw cycle and let-off of the bow |
| Draw length | Increase draw length: decreases draw weight Decrease draw length: increases draw weight |
Changes the angle at which the string pulls on the limbs |
| Arrow weight | Increase arrow weight: increases draw weight Decrease arrow weight: decreases draw weight |
Changes the amount of force required to accelerate the arrow |
| String tension | Increase string tension: increases draw weight Decrease string tension: decreases draw weight |
Changes the amount of force stored in the bowstring |
| Cable guard | Move cable guard forward: increase draw weight Move cable guard backward: decrease draw weight |
Changes the bow’s draw cycle and let-off |
| D-loop | Move D-loop up: increase draw length Move D-loop down: decrease draw length |
Changes the bow’s draw length and let-off |
| Grip | Larger grip: increase draw weight Smaller grip: decrease draw weight |
Changes the balance and pointability of the bow |
Safety Considerations Post-Adjustment
After adjusting your draw weight, it’s crucial to prioritize safety and ensure proper bow functionality. Here are some essential post-adjustment safeguards:
- Always wear proper safety gear, including eye and ear protection.
- Inspect the bow thoroughly for any damage, loose screws, or alignment issues.
- Test the bow with a few practice shots to ensure it’s functioning correctly and there’s no perceivable drawbacks after the adjustment.
- Re-sight the bow to accommodate the potential point-of-impact shift caused by the draw weight modification.
- Make gradual adjustments to the draw weight as needed, rather than drastic changes, to prevent potential strain or discomfort.
- Listen to your body and seek professional guidance if you experience any pain or discomfort during or after shooting.
- Store the bow safely and securely to maintain its optimal condition.
Draw Weight Verification
To ensure accurate draw weight measurement, follow these reliable methods:
- Use a bow scale: This is the most precise method, involving hanging the bow vertically and attaching the scale to the string. The displayed weight on the scale represents the draw weight.
- Draw-board measurement: Place the bow on a draw board, draw it back to your anchor point, and note the distance between the string and the axle. Refer to a draw weight chart to determine the corresponding draw weight based on the measured distance.
- Limb measurement: Measure the distance between the limb bolts or the limb tips when the bow is at rest and fully drawn. Use a bow manufacturer-provided chart to estimate the draw weight based on these measurements.
Note: Refer to the specific guidelines provided by your bow manufacturer for recommended draw weight settings based on your individual specifications.
| Measurement Method | Accuracy |
|---|---|
| Bow scale | Most precise |
| Draw-board | Moderate accuracy |
| Limb | Least accurate |
How to Adjust Draw Weight on a Compound Bow
Adjusting the draw weight on a compound bow is an important step in customizing the bow to fit your individual strength and shooting style. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to do it:
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Unstring the bow: Before making any adjustments, it’s essential to unstring the bow for safety reasons.
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Locate the limb bolts: On either side of the bow’s riser, you’ll find a series of bolts that secure the limbs to the riser. These are the limb bolts.
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Identify the adjustment marks: On the limbs or limb bolts, you’ll notice marks or numbers that indicate the draw weight settings.
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Adjust the limb bolts: Using the appropriate wrench or Allen key, turn the limb bolts clockwise to increase the draw weight and counterclockwise to decrease it.
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Check the draw weight: Once you’ve made the adjustments, re-string the bow and draw it back to measure the draw weight using a draw weight scale.
People Also Ask
How much can I adjust the draw weight by?
The amount you can adjust the draw weight by depends on the specific bow model. Typically, you can adjust it by 10-15 pounds in either direction.
What’s the optimal draw weight for me?
The optimal draw weight depends on your age, size, and shooting ability. For beginners, a draw weight of 30-40 pounds is a good starting point. Experienced archers may prefer higher draw weights for increased accuracy and power.
What are the benefits of adjusting draw weight?
Adjusting draw weight allows you to customize your bow for optimal performance and comfort. It can improve accuracy, reduce fatigue, and make shooting more enjoyable.
Can I adjust draw weight myself?
Yes, you can adjust draw weight yourself with the right tools and instructions. However, if you’re not comfortable doing it, it’s best to consult a professional archery technician.
